One of the scariest times in human history is the era of Black Death in Europe: between 1348 and 1350 in particular. The people went nuts, literally. All the insanity of medieval belief system exploded on the streets. And how they typically savagely scapegoated anyone that is different: Jews, Roma people, foreigners, and immigrants. People with leprosy and even skin diseases were chased and murdered. The city of Strasbourg massacred an entire Jewish population there. It made me think: we don't have anything like that in Islamic-Arab history (in fact, the worst wars in Muslim history were between Muslims themselves): as Maxime Rodinson succinctly summarized in the beginning of his Israel and the Arabs (how this volume never received the attention and appreciation that it deserves--how I learned at the feet of Rodinon, although I never met him), discrimination was consistent under Islamic rule but wholesale persecution was rather rare.