It should be noted that there is in Egyptian political culture an intense sense of narrow nationalism, shared by government and opposition alike. It should be noted that this sense has been cultivated intensely by Sadat and Mubarak and has achieved great success, and that this cultivation has been part of requirements of the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty in order to sever ties between Egypt and the Palestinian cause. It should finally be noted that this nationalism carries with in it shared elements with Phoenician Lebanese nationalism, and both carry racist elements toward others.